在“消解”传统的哲学本体论之后——评“西方马克思主义”的哲学贡献

Beyond the Deconstruction of the Traditional Philosophical Ontology: Comments on the Philosophical Contribution of Western Marxism

对近代形而上学哲学世界观,特别是作为这种世界观核心的以二元对立为主要标志的传统本体论的批判与消解,是现代哲学的使命。“西方马克思主义”理论家加入了这种批判和消解的行列。与一些现代西方哲学思潮代表人物的不同之处在于:他们并没有把对近代形而上学哲学世界观的批判与消解变成对整个哲学世界观的批判与消解,把对以主客二分为主要标志的传统本体论的批判与消解变成对整个本体论的批判与消解,而是通过批判和消解近代形而上学哲学世界观而建立了一种新的哲学世界观,通过批判和消解以主客二分为主要标志的传统本体论而提出了一种新的本体论。本文剖析了“西方马克思主义”新的哲学世界观与新的本体论,以及从这种新的本体论所引出的新的辩证法、认识论和历史观。

The mission of contemporary philosophy is to undertake the critical examination and deconstruction of modern metaphysical world outlook, especially of its core棗the traditional ontology mainly characterized by dualism. Western Marxist theorists also have devoted themselves to the mission. However, the difference between them and some representative figures of contemporary western philosophy lies in that Western Marxists have established a new philosophical world outlook as well as a new ontology through the examination and deconstruction. As a matter of fact, the main target of Western Marxists is the modern metaphysical world outlook and the traditional ontology rather than the whole philosophical world outlook and the ontology as a whole. This paper analyses the new philosophical world outlook and the new ontology established by Western Marxism as well as the new dialectical theory, epistemology and historical view derived from the new ontology.