官师一体 政教合一——西周民众教育刍议

On the Nationwide Education in Xi Zhou Dynasty

进入文明时代不久的西周社会,很重视民众教育。除了学校教育外,周王朝的各种官员都负有一定的教育职能,大司徒更是实施民众教育的直接承担者。其措施是官师一体、政教合一。教育的內容主要包括提高人民农业生产的技艺,要人民懂得开发利用自然资源,并对全体民众进行道德和法制教育。

Great importance was attached to public education in Xi Zhou society shortly after Xi Zhou Dynasty entered the age of civilization. In addition to the schools which offered school education, various officials or administrators undertook certain responsibilities for public education. Dasitu, for instance, was directly responsible for the nationwide education. The dynasty carried out the education policy that officials and teachers were all responsible for the nation-wide education, and that the government entrusted officials or administrators with education duties. The main subjects of the nationwide education comprised three cardinal components: improving people' s agricultural skills, imparting knowledge with regard to the proper tapping and exploitation of natural resources, and conducting nationwide moral and legal education.