划区轮牧制度在草地资源可持续利用中的作用研究

Approch on restoration mechanism of rotational grazing system on desert steppe

通过对比研究放牧制度及围栏封育对退化草地植被的影响来探讨划区轮牧在退化草地植被恢复中的作用。结果表明 ,在相同的载畜率条件下 ,划区轮牧制度通过对放牧利用时间与空间的合理配置 ,使建群种短花针茅与优势种无芒隐子草在质量百分比、重要值、生产力等方面比连续放牧都有所提高 ,与围栏禁牧的对照小区有同样的恢复效果。因此 ,将划区轮牧用于荒漠草原植被恢复在实践中是可行的 ,是实现草地资源持续利用的有效途径之一 ,建议在今后的退化草地恢复中要从优化放牧方式上寻找新的发展出路。

Rotational grazing (RG) and continuous grazing (CG) were compared in degraded desert steppe in Inner Mongolia on family ranch scale. Two ranches were chosen, one for continuous grazing and another for rotational grazing, with stocking rate of 1.15 and 1.24 sheep/hm 2, respectively. Furthermore, an area of 100 m×100 m, inhibit to grazing, was set as a check block (CK) near the ranches. The results indicate that plant weight percent, important value index (IV) and productivity of the dominant species were higher in RG and CK than that in CG, while there is little difference between RG and CK, from which it can be inferred that rotational grazing can benefit the degraded land compared with CK, and have similar effect as inclosure treatment in improving degraded desert steppe. Hence, optimizing grazing system was recommended in considering the restoration of degraded grassland as a result of overgrazing.