听之以心 《乐道——中国古典音乐哲学论稿》之四

Listen with Heart Studies of Ancient Chinese Philosophy of Music (Part Four)

在中国古典音乐哲学即乐道看来,立象尽意的音乐艺术,是以音乐声响的比音关系来征示天地万物的变化流行。“有”之层面的音乐声响,乃是尽意之“象”;“无”之层面的比音关系,才是象示之“意”。因此,欣赏音乐,必须“得意忘象”。换言之,欣赏音乐,必须超越“耳官”,而“听之以心”。如此,我们才能真正领会音乐的深层内涵,以“法式”性质的“乐式”为中介,理解宇宙间天、地、人等万事万物共通的变化流行。

Viewed from Ancient Chinese philosophy of Music-Music Dao, the ait of music represents the process and changes of the universe with structured tones and the relevant relationships, as we can call it Image of Idea. The musical sound at the level of' You' (^ existence being'), heard by ears is the image for expressing ideas, while at the level of Wu' (55 : non - existence or nihility) , appreciated via the structured tones and by heart is the idea shown by the image. Therefore, appreciating music is actually getting the idea by passing over the image,i.e. , receiving with heart while passing over ears. Only by going beyond the structured tones,the elements governed by Music Dao , can we possibly grasp the deep inner core of music, representing the common and harmonic process and changes in the universe among the heaven,earth and human.