竞争——英美教育市场化改革的核心

Competition, the core of educational marketing reforms in UK and USA

教育市场化是近二三十年来英美两国在教育领域中的主要改革趋势 ,有着深刻的社会背景和理论基础。教育市场化改革的理论基础是新自由主义思想和新公共管理主义。教育市场化改革的表现形式多种多样 ,如特许学校、学券制、公助学额计划等。尽管教育市场化改革的形式多样 ,但其根本的理念却是一致的 ,那就是把竞争机制引入教育领域。只有竞争才是教育市场化改革的核心 ,才是推动教育发展最为有效的机制。

Educational marketing is the principal trend of educational reforms in both UK and USA in the past two or three decades. The reforms have their deep social basis on the New Liberalism Theory and Neo-Public Management Theory. Though there are different forms of educational marketing reforms such as Charter School, Educational Voucher, Assisted Places Scheme, their conception is the same, namely, the competition is the core of the reforms, and the competition can further help the educational development.