浅析投资准入阶段推行国民待遇的条约法的实践及影响

A Brief Analysis of the Treaty Practice of Promotion of National Treatment in the Investment Access Phrase and Its Influence

传统的国际投资条约一般将外资准入权限保留给缔约国,缔约国能自由地决定外资进入的领域和条件。虽然有些投资条约规定必须给予外国投资者以国民待遇,但国民待遇一般只适用于外资进入后的阶段。晚近出现的一些双边和多边投资条约中开始提出外资准入自由的概念,要求将国民待遇扩大适用到外资准入阶段,这些条约法的实践严重地削弱了东道国的外资管辖权,片面利于发达资本输出国的利益,应引起发展中国家的高度重视。

Th e party to a treaty are always given the power of controlling the access o f for eign investment according to traditional internati onal investment treaty,part y to a tr eaty is free to decide to permit foreign investment to enter into some investment field and the condition of these.Although foreign investors can be given national treatment in some investment treaties,the national treatment alw ays means the treatment of post-entry-phrase.Some treaties which appear in recent years advocate the notion of free access and ask for the pre-entry-ph rase national t reatment.This kind of treaty practi ce weaken the foreign inves tment jurisdiction of host countries seriously and is only on behalf of the int e rest to some developed investment exporting countries and should be paid atte ntion to developing countrie s.