试论离婚损害赔偿制度

On Divorce Indemnity System

离婚损害赔偿制度的建立,对保护离婚当事人的合法权益,制裁婚姻家庭违法行为,维护社会主义的婚姻家庭制度意义重大。离婚损害赔偿必须具备违法行为、损害事实、因果关系和主观过错四个构成要件。该制度既适用于协议离婚,也适用于诉讼离婚。其赔偿权利主体只能是无过错的配偶,而赔偿义务主体只能是有过错的配偶。第三者虽不是离婚损害赔偿的义务主体,但应当成为另案的民事赔偿义务主体。

The establishment of divorce indemnity system is of significance to protect the legal rights of the divorce parties, punish the behavior of damaging the marriage or family and maintain the socialist marriage and family system. Divorce indemnity system consists of four necessary part behavior of breaking-law, damaging factor, cause & effect relation and subjective fault. The system is applicable to both agreement divorce and litigation divorce. Its indemnification right corpus should be the spouse who has no faults, while the duty corpus should be the spouse having faults. The third party is not the duty corpus to be responsible for the indemnity, but who can became the duty corpus in the other case.