转基因水稻对稻瘟病的抗性研究

Study on the blast resistance of transgenic rice plants with two antifungal protein genes

采用苗期初筛、复筛、抗谱测定和田间自然诱发试验等不同鉴定方法,对经分子检测证明已整合有碱性几丁质酶基因和β-1,3-葡聚精酶基因的22个转化系的转基因水稻植株进行稻瘟病抗性鉴定研究,筛选出对稻瘟病的抗性比原种对照七丝软占有明显提高的一系列转基因水稻品系,其中表现高抗的有来自F4-9转化株系的7个品系。高抗材料的R7代品系,经室内抗谱测定及田间病圃试验结果,仍然表现高抗稻瘟病。本研究通过转基因技术,成功地将优质感病品种改良成高抗品系,研究结果证明了利用基因工程手段培育抗病水稻新品种是一个非常有希望的育种途径。

Twenty two transgenic rice lines with basic chitinase gene and β-1, 3-glucanase gen were screened for blast re- sistance by. conducting seedling screening, resistant spectrum test, and field resistance test in the blast are nursery. A series of transgenic rice plants with improved resistance were obtained. Among them, seven transgenic lines with high resis- tance were selected from transgenic rice line F4-9, and these highly resistant lines also expressed stable resistance in the R7 generations based on the tests of resistant spectrum to blast fungus in greenhouse and the neck resistance in blast nursery. The transgenic rice lines with high resistance and quality were obtained successfully in this experiment. The data showed that genetic engineering was a powerful approach to improve the resistance of rice variety to blast and alleviate the negative correlation between blast resistance and quality in southern rice area.