森林资源与环境价值分析与补偿问题研究

A Study on Forest Resource and Environment Value and Its Complementary Policy Issue

森林资源经营过程中存在政策失灵、市场失灵与制度失灵 ,需要采取适当的措施进行调整 ,这对于促进森林资源可持续经营具有重要意义。解决上述失灵的重要手段是制定反映森林资源经营的全价值 ,价值是由市场和人们的支付意愿所决定 ,因此 ,评价森林资源的价值必须以市场为基础 ,评价方法分为显示偏好法和表明偏好法两种。森林资源价值评价是制定价格的基础 ,森林资源价格的确定应当采取边际机会成本的方法 ,边际外部成本可以采取补偿或者征税等不同方式加以解决。 Faustmann模型是评价森林资源的重要方法 ,百余年来 ,这方面的研究已经取得重要进展 ,森林资源的直接使用价值和非使用价值需要均衡 ,风险等因素也相继引入分析视野 。

There exits policy failure, institutional failure and market failure in the process of forest resource management, therefore, some measurement should be taken to erase these issues to push forest resource sustainable management. Full value of forest resources should be accounted, and forest resource values are measured in term of market situation and peoples′ willing to pay.The evaluation methods can be divided into revealed preference approaches and stated preference techniques. Forest resource value evaluation is the base for price-making. The way for pricing forest resources is marginal opportunity cost. Faustmann model is an important one for forest resource evalution. The paper discusses the models of use-value and non-use-value, and risk management for forest resource management.