当代英国社会经济结构对煤矿工人罢工的影响

THE IMPACT OF THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURES OF BRITAIN ON THE COAL MINERS’ STRIKE OF 1984-85

1984～1985年英国煤矿工人大罢工是四十年来最大的一次摊牌。但是,罢工还是以失败告终。其原因是多方面的:科技革命的发展,工业结构中各生产部门之间的调整,促使社会就业结构的变化;伴随中产者阶层的扩大,妇女就业人口比例的提高,福利政策的困境以及工党内部的矛盾等种种因素,使罢工不能摆脱类似1926年的结局。然而,其对保守党政府的印象是不可磨灭的。

The 1984-85 strike of the coal miners has been the greatest showdown in Britain in the past forty years. But it ended in failure. The failure was caused by a lot of factors: the change in the structure of the rank of the employed of the whole society as a result of the revolutionary advances in science and technology and the restructuring of the industrial production branches, the expansion of the middle class, the greater proportion of employed women in the whole population, the predicament of the welfare policy and the contradictions existing within the Labour party. All these made it unavoidable for the coal miners'ustrike to come to the similar end to that of the 1926 strike. However, this strike has left an indelible impact on the conservative Government.