对鲁迅“拿来主义”观点的再思考

REFLECTION ON LU XUN’S TAKE-OVER-ISM

本文认为,鲁迅1934年提出的'拿来主义'观点具有独创性意义,仅仅把它当作毛泽东1940年提出的'批判继承'理论的诠解是不妥当的,为此需要在更高的层次上对鲁迅的'拿来主义'进行重新的思考和认识。文章对鲁迅拿来主义的独创性意义作了概述,认为'拿来主义'的前提是'不管三七二十一',对此不必掩饰和回避;鲁迅对'中学为体、西学为用'思想的批判,显示了鲁迅思想的特殊光辉;而鲁迅'拿来主义'的目的,是为了用外国先进文化冲击中国封建社会的神经中枢,由此进行深刻的自我批判和自我反省。学习鲁迅的'拿来主义'观点,对于我们实行对外开放、引进外国物质文明时,如何同时吸收外来的精神文明成果,具有启发意义。

The idea of taking-over from abroad whatever is useful to China,which was advanced by Lu Xun in 1934 was an original idea, not a footnote to Mao Zedong's theory of 'critical inheritance' of 1940, as some people suggested. Not mincing the matter that Lu Xun called for 'taking over everything never mind what happens', the author points out the background of Lu Xun's criticism of the conservative insistence that western learning can only serve Chinese learning, which is the foundation, and praises Lu Xun's purpose of using advanced foreign learning as a weapon to strike at the nerve centre of China's feudalistic society and compel Chinese to make deepgoing self-examination and self-criticism. A true understanding of Lu Xun's take-over-ism will help us, while opening to the outside world, learn from the spiritual fruit of foreign cultures and not only import their material creations.