日本国际私法的新发展——1989年《法例》修正案述评

THE1989 LEGAL PRACTLCES AMENDMENT:A NEW DEVELOPMENT IN THE INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW OF JAPAN

日本的国际私法法规——《法例》,1989年进行了一次新的修正,动因是日本旧《法例》存在诸多缺陷。新的修正案在结婚、离婚、亲权方面,体现男女平等原则,注重保护子女、被扶养人等弱者的权益,摒弃了立法上的封建残余,注入了现代化的因素;在立法技巧上吸收了先进的'阶梯式连结点',扩大了准据选择的范围,注意了与宪法原则及其它法律的协调,是日本国际私法立法的一大进步,符合国际私法发展的新潮流。但修正案对债权、物权方面的缺陷仍未涉及,人们期待着日本《法例》这方面的修正及早出台。

The legal Practices,an international private law of Japan,was amended in 1989 owing to the many defects found in the old version, whether in marriage,divorce or in kinship relations,the new amendment represents the principle of equal rights between men ahd women and lays more emphasis on the protection of the rights of natural and adopted children, while discarding the influence left over by the feudal legislature, it instills modernness in itself. In the technical aspects,it adopts the advanced 'ladderlike joint 'and therefore enlarges the scope of governing laws. It also sees to its. consistency with the constitution and other laws concerned and thus marks a great step forward in Japan's international private lawas part of the world trend. However,the new amendment fails to concern itself with the problems of debt claim and property ownership,where improvements arw anticipated in later amendments.