莎士比亚十四行诗的戏剧性及其翻译再现——以第129首三个译文为例

Translating the Dramatic:Dramatic Quality of Shakespeare's Sonnet 129 and Comparison of Its Three Chinese Versions

莎士比亚的154首十四行诗作为一个整体,具有完整的戏剧元素,从单首诗来看,其戏剧性也明确存在。从莎氏第129首十四行诗可以看出,诗中存在戏剧人物、人物行为、戏剧冲突及矛盾的解决等,其戏剧性具体表现在叙述者的心理演变过程、用词、句法、修辞以及诗歌形式等方面。从这几个方面分析屠岸、梁实秋、辜正坤三位译家的译文,也在不同程度上体现了戏剧性在诗歌翻译中的再现。

Dramatic quality, found in Shakespeare’s 154 sonnets as a whole body, is also evident in his individual poems. An analysis of Sonnet 129 reveals such dramatic elements as a character, his act, dramatic conflicts and their resolution. The verse’s dramatic quality is embodied in the speaker’s psychological development, the diction, syntax, rhetorical devices and poetic form. A comparison in these aspects of this sonnet’s Chinese versions by Tu An, Liang Shiqiu, and Gu Zhengkun shows that the translators have, to different degrees, successfully re-presented the dramatic quality.