我国氟化物的淡水水生生物基准研究

Biological Criteria of Fluoride for Freshwater Hydrobiont in China

搜集筛选了氟化物对我国19个属的淡水生物的急性毒性数据,采用美国国家环境保护局(USEPA)的物种敏感度排序法(SSR)对我国氟化物水生生物基准进行推算,并将其与荷兰(RIVM-SSD)和澳大利亚-新西兰(AUNZ-SSD)基准推导方法的计算结果进行比较。根据物种敏感度排序法计算结果,保护我国淡水生物的氟化物急性基准值为11 mg·L^(-1),慢性基准值为2 mg·L^(-1)。采用log-normal、log-logistic和Burr TypeⅢ模型对毒性数据均可实现较好的拟合。与SSD法获得的基准值相比,物种敏感度排序法获得的基准值更趋保守。该研究可为我国氟化物水质标准制定和流域水环境管理提供技术支持。

Data of acute toxicity of fluoride to 19 genera of freshwater hydrobiont in China were collected and screened. Based on the data, biological criteria of fluoride for freshwater hydrobiont in China were derived using the species sensitivi-ty ranking method ( SSR) of the US Environmental Protection Agency ( USEPA) and compared with what was obtained u-sing the criteria derivation methods of the Netherlands ( RIVM-SSD) and of Australia and New Zealand( AUNZ-SSD) . Ac-cording to the results of the performance of SSR, the criterion for protection of freshwater hydrobiont against acute toxicity of fluoride in China is 11 mg·L-1 and that against chronic toxicity, 2 mg·L-1. The log-normal, log-logistic and Burr Type Ⅲ models can all be used to fit the toxicity data. Compared with the criterion obtained with the SSD method, the one derived with the SSR method tends to be more conservative. The results of the study may serve as technical support for de-velopment of fluoride criterion in the water quality standard and management of watershed water environments.