3Di Silverio F, Gallucci M, Alpi G Staghorn calculi of the kidney: classifiation and therapy. Br J Urol, 1990 65:449-452.
4Al-kohlany KM, Shokeir AA, Mosbah A, et al. Treatment of complete stag horm stones: a prospective randomized comparison of open snrgery versus per cutaneous nephrolithotomy. J Urol, 2005, 173: 469-473.
5A1-Hunayan A, Abdulhalim H, E1-Bakry E, et al. Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy :is the retroperitoneal route a better approach? [ J ]. Int J Urol,2009,16(2) : 181-186.
6Ramakumar S, Segura JW. Laparoscopic surgery for renal urolithiasis : pyelolithotomy, caliceal diverticulectomy, and treatment of stones in a pelvic kidney[ J]. J Endourol,2000,14(10) :829-832.
7Kamat N, Khandelwal P.:Laparoscopic pyelolithotomy--a technique for the management of stones in the ectopic pelvic kidney [ J ]. Int J Uro1,2004,11 ( 7 ):58! -584.
8Karaman B,Koplay M, Ozturk E,et al. Retroaortic left renal vein:multidetector computed tomography angiography findings and its clinical importance [ J ]. Acta Radiol, 2007,48 ( 3 ) : 355-360.
