“一带一路”战略背景下中国参与FTA的现状、问题及对策研究

Status,Problems and Countermeasures of China's Participation in FTA under the Background of “One Belt and One Road”Strategy

加快实施FTA战略,是我国适应经济全球化、实现对外战略目标的重要手段。本文对国内外关于FTA的文献进行综述,从西方FTA形成机制和利益分配的角度,国内关于FTA建成后的利用率、与国外FTA的差距、待建FTA可行性方面进行总结。对我国目前的FTA建设现状基本情况进行介绍,概括其具有参与动力强,扩建、深化两手抓、周边谈判进程迅速、FTA战略和"一带一路"战略交叉进行的特点和趋势。在FTA建设过程中发现存在的问题,一是我国在FTA结构中仍然处于辐条国地位,参与FTA未能实现最优受益地位,二是目前我国FTA议题的深度及广度相比TPP等国际先进FTA仍存在差距。针对这上述情况,建议我国在FTA建设中尤其是亚太自贸区建设领域中,应争取成为FTA轮轴国;选择FTA伙伴国要注意地缘导向与产业互补相结合的原则;而且要注意政府职能作用的发挥,起到更好的宏观调控作用;深化国际金融合作,通过亚太自贸区建设和亚投行的设立,在国际金融和经贸领域发挥更大的影响力;深化、推进"一带一路"和FTA国家战略的融合。

Speed up the implementation of the FTA strategy is an important means which can adapt to economic globalization and realize the foreign strategic target for our country. Domestic and foreign literatures about FTA are reviewed in this paper. From the perspective of western FTA formation mechanism and the distribution of interests,the utilization after completion of the FTA in China,the gap with international standard and the feasibility of FTA which is ready- to- build are summarized. This article introduced the construction status of China FTA and summarizes the features and trends of it. Problems are found in the process of construction of FTA: 1. China is still in the spokes country in the FTA structure,to participate in FTA failed to achieve the optimal benefit status; 2. Gaps with international advanced FTA such as TPP are exists. According to this situation,it is suggested that in the construction of FTA especially in the Asia- Pacific free trade area,China should strive to become a FTA axle country;abide by rules of combining geopolitical guidance and industries compensatory each other in choosing FTA partners;bring the government function into a full play; deepen international financial cooperation to play a more important influence in international financial and economic and trade areas though the establishment of Asia- Pacific free trade area and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank; deepen and promoting the integration of 'one belt and one road'strategy and FTA national strategy.