中国近世以来对外开放的历史轨迹及其启示

The Historical Traces and Inspirations of China Opening tothe Outside World in Modern Times

自近世以来,中国对外开放经由两次鸦片战争期间的被动不适、洋务运动至民国末年的主动适应直至新中国的自主经略,其间先后出现半殖民地化的对外开放格局和全方位、多层次、宽领域的对外开放格局;新中国自主经略对外开放的进程自20世纪70年代末起相继实现三次历史性飞跃。贯穿于近世以来中国对外开放过程的主题一直是中华民族实现伟大复兴、自立于世界民族之林的追求;对外开放历程之于来者,启示价值颇丰。

During modern times, China opening to the outside world experienced two passive inadaptibilities of two opium wars, foreign business movement, the active adaptibility during the later years of the Republic of China till the independent strategy of New China. During all these times, there appeared earlier or later the opening to the outside world by a half colony and the opening to the outside world of all directions, multilevels and vast areas. From the later years of the 70s of the 20st century on, new China’s independent opening to the outside world has realized on end three historic leapforwards. The topic running through China’s opening to the outside world in the modern history is Chinese nation’s pursuit of great rejuvenation and independence among world’s nations. The process of the opening is meaningful for generations to come.