中药淫羊藿主要种类评述

Comment on Main Species of Herba Epimedii

目的 :评述中药淫羊藿的主要资源种类 ,提出淫羊藿药材的质量控制方法。方法 :分类学研究 ,资源调查 ,黄酮类成分质量评价。结果 :总结出中药淫羊藿资源分布量大的有 7个种 ,按分布区的面积依次分别是箭叶淫羊藿Epimediumsagittatum ,淫羊藿E .brevicornu ,粗毛淫羊藿E .acuminatum ,朝鲜淫羊藿E .koreanum ,柔毛淫羊藿E .pubescens,黔岭淫羊藿E .leptorrhizum和巫山淫羊藿E .wushanense,并给出它们的具体分布区和淫羊藿苷类成分含量情况 ,还提出另外药用较多的 8个种 ,给出 1 5种的药材形态分种检索表。结论 :依据中药淫羊藿主要种类分布特点、资源量和种类混杂情况 ,建议将全国分为 4个产区 (或收购区 ) ,按重要性分区分别是东北区 ,仅有朝鲜淫羊藿一种 ,质量最好 ;西北华北区 ,主要是淫羊藿 ,成分含量比较稳定 ;华东华南区 ,主要为箭叶淫羊藿 ,但种内质量差异很大 ;西南区 ,在贵州省 ,主流品种为粗毛淫羊藿 ,其次为黔岭淫羊藿 ,再其次为巫山淫羊藿 ,黔岭淫羊藿不可药用 ,在四川省 ,主流品种为粗毛淫羊藿和柔毛淫羊藿 ,该地区产量大 ,但品种复杂 ,应注意形态鉴别。建议将粗毛淫羊藿收入《中国药典》。

Objective: To comment on main resource species of Herba Epimedii. Method :Taxonomy, resource investigation and quality evaluation of flavonoid contents were made. Result: 7 species of Herba Epimedii having broad distribution were summarized. According the area of their distribution, they were named Epimedium sagittatum, E. brevicornu, E. acuminatum, E.koreanum, E. pubescens, E. leptorrhizum and E. wushanense . Each distribution in detail and icariin and likewise compounds contents of these 7 species were provided. Other 8 Epimedium species much used were proposed. Medicinal characters 15 species were provided in this paper. Conclution: On the basis of distribution character, resource quantity and growing with other species mingled, it is suggested that 4 main production or purchasing districts in China be divided. The most important district is northeastern district, where only E. koreanum grows there,with the best quality. Northwestern and northern district is the second one, where E. brevicornu, mainly grows with much stable guality. Then it is eastern and southern district, where E. sagittatum grows with the largest quantity but unstable quality. Southwestern district is the last one, mingle species complex and identification important. In Sichuan province, E. acuminatum and E. pubescens are main species, with other 12 species growing there. In Guizhou province, E. acuminatum, E.leptorrhizum and E.wushanense are main species, other 7 species growing there and E. leptorrhizum with poor quality. It is suggested that E. acuminatum be recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. [