二元技术能力、进化创业行为与创业绩效:多重中介模型检验

Ambidextrous Technical Capabilities、Evolutionary Entrepreneurship Behavior and Entrepreneurial Performance:Multiple Mediation Model Tests

以渐进寻优、不断迭代为特点的进化创业行为是企业面对复杂多变环境获取竞争优势的重要行为逻辑,一直未受到重视。现有研究主要聚焦于进化创业行为的概念、基本特征和多维构面的理论分析,对进化创业行为的技术能力基础的探索较少。而现有对创业行为的技术能力基础的分析多关注于物理技术能力,较少关注于社会技术能力,更别说探索进化创业行为的多重中介作用在二元技术能力转化为创业绩效过程中的积极效应。文章遵循'能力-行为-绩效'的基本逻辑思路,构建进化创业行为对二元技术能力与创业绩效关系影响的多重中介效应模型。基于258份创业企业的调研数据,通过分层回归分析法和结构方程模型进行实证检验。检验结果显示:进化创业行为在二元技术能力与创业绩效之间起到完全中介效应。(1)微创新、风险投资行为在物理技术能力与创业绩效之间起到完全中介作用,而战略更新在物理技术能力与创业绩效之间的中介作用不显著;(2)微创新、战略更新在社会技术能力与创业绩效之间起到完全中介作用,而风险投资行为在社会技术能力与创业绩效之间的中介作用不显著。研究结果丰富了进化创业行为的现有研究,为建立以进化创业行为为核心的中小企业更新与试错机制提供丰富的理论指导。

As customer demand changes rapidly,the traditional entrepreneurial paradigm is difficult to cope with market changes.The emergence of a newparadigm is urgently needed,and evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior provides a newperspective.The evolutionary entrepreneurship behavior characterized by gradual optimization and continuous iteration is an important behavioral logic for enterprise to obtain competitive advantages in the face of complex and dynamic environments.But it has not been taken seriously.The existing research mainly focuses on the concept,basic characteristics and theoretical analysis of multi-dimensional facet of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior,and it clearly points out that small and medium-sized enterprises have become the main situation of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior,due to the lack of internal resources and weak risk-taking.It explores the driving factors of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior from the organization learning,network construction,knowledge base and value governance,but less on the technical ability foundation of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior.However,the analysis of the technical ability of entrepreneurial behavior mainly focuses on the physical technology capability and less on social technology capability.The social technology capability as a means of acquiring resources through external relations has been widely used in the practice of small and medium-sized enterprises,but fewscholars have studied social technology capability and physical technology capability together.Not to mention exploring the multiple mediating effects of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior in the process of transforming ambidextrous technical capabilities into entrepreneurial performance.Following the'ability-behavior-performance'logic,this paper builds the multiple mediation model of evolutionary entrepreneurial behavior.Using 258 data from start-ups,and empirically by hierarchical regression analysis and SEM,the result shows:the evolutionary entrepreneurship behavior has complete multiple mediation effect between ambidextrous technical capability and entrepreneurial performance.(1)micro-innovation and risk investment behavior have complete mediation effect between physical technical capability and entrepreneurial performance;but strategic update have no significant mediation effect between physical technical capability and entrepreneurial performance.(2)micro-innovation and strategic update have complete mediation effect between social technical capability and entrepreneurial performance;but risk investment behavior have no significant mediation effect between social technical capability and entrepreneurial performance.The research results enrich the existing research of evolutionary entrepreneurship behavior,and provide theoretical guidance for enterprise to build update and trial error mechanism.On the one hand,the small and medium-sized enterprises should maintain an open viewof capability,and handle the relationship between internal and external capability,and form a structured capacity allocation system.On the other hand,through the small-scale trial-and-error costs to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises,micro-innovation,venture capital behavior and strategic renewal as the routine behavior of enterprise business exploration,is the main dimension of the internal trial and error mechanism.