香港新石器时代打制石器研究

A Preliminary Study on Chipper Stones of Neolithicin Hong Kong

更新世晚期至全新世早中期,包括香港在内的华南史前文化具有强烈的地域传统,其中打制石器恒久绵延便是其显著特点。本文以东湾、深湾、蚝涌、沙下等遗址作为典型个案,对各遗址石器组合分别讨论,并结合民族志材料,对香港新石器时代两类常见石器斧、锛和牡蛎琢的生产过程、功能做了重点分析。在参考中国东南沿海以至东南亚新石器时代编年基础上,对香港地区的打制石器类型亦作初步归纳,认为这种石器技术的历时性变化与全新世以来海平面的波动以及生业形态的转折密切相关。

During the Upper Pleistocene and early to mid-Holocene,the prehistoric cultures of Southern China including the area of present-day Hong Kong were characterized by a stone-working tradition with a strong regional flavor,chipped stone tools being one of its most long-lasting characteristics.This article chooses Tung Wan,Sham Wan,Ho Chung,and Sha Ha as examples for this phenomenon,discussing the stone-tool types of each of these sites separately and combining this archaeological information with ethnographic material to reconstruct the so-called oyster-picking stone-tool production process and the usage patterns of two of the most common stone tools of the Neolithic period in Hong Kong,axes and adzes.Based on the chronology of the Neolithic period of the southeast coast of China and of Southeast Asia,this paper presents preliminary inferences on the range of types of chipped stone tools present in the Hong Kong area,suggesting that the diachronic changes in this type of stone-tool industry was closely connected with sea-level fluctuations and changes in subsistence patterns during the Holocene period.