重庆市巫溪县宁厂盐业遗产的保护与利用探索

Exploration on Conservation and Usage of the Salt Industry Heritage of Ningchang Town, Wuxi County, Chongqing

重庆市巫溪县旧为'大宁县',古称'巫载国',是著名的井盐产地。其盐卤出自县城北部10千米宁厂宝源山白鹿盐泉,制盐史非常悠久,是唐代全国的十大盐监之一,更因盐泉而在宋代得以置大宁监,在清代乾隆至道光年间最为辉煌,所产食盐在川东、湖北等地销售。随着川东、川南其他盐场的崛起,加之多年制盐技术未得更新、提高,最终走向衰落、停产,留下大量的盐业遗产。在对盐业遗产的保护与利用方面,在近二十年时间里,进行了不少探索和经验总结,目前比较倾向严格保护、轻度开发的策略。

Wuxi County, Chongqing, known in the past as Daning County and Wuzhi State, is a famous salt production area. The brine comes from the Bailu salt well in Ningchang Baoyuanshan about 10 km north of the county;it has a long history of salt manufacturing. It was one of the ten main salt sources of the Tang Dynasty, and Daning was established there in the Song Dynasty precisely because of the salt well. It was the most prosperous between the Qianlong and Daoguang reigns of the Qing Dynasty and its salt was sold as far as eastern Sichuan and Hubei. With the rise of other salt production locals in eastern and southern Sichuan and a lack of updating the facilities in Ningchang for many years,the salt industry there finally declined and stopped, leaving behind a salt industry heritage site. Over the last twenty years, through conservation measures and usage, much has been learned, leading to a stricter protection and limitation in the opening of the site to the public.