试论托马斯·曼的《浮士德博士》中的恶魔性

A Tentative Analysis of the Demonism in Thomas Mann's "Doctor Faustus

德国伟大作家托马斯·曼的长篇小说《浮士德博士》讲述的是一个面临创作困境 ,以生命为代价 ,与魔鬼签约换取创作灵感的天才音乐家莱维屈恩的创作生涯。恶魔性指的就是艺术家通过与魔鬼签约来获得的一种天才的创造能力 ,与魔鬼签约也就是与他自己内心深处的无意识的深度遭遇。但是 ,魔鬼又不仅仅是音乐家自身的生命现象 ,即恶魔性的象征 ,它同时还影射了现实世界中与法西斯主义结合在一起的德国现代思潮。托马斯·曼通过对恶魔性的描述 ,影射了德国现代思潮的蜕变 ,因此构成了托马斯·曼的《浮士德博士》和歌德的《浮士德》的不同。

Doctor Faustus', a novel written by the great German Writer Thomas Mann the story of how Leverrkuehn, a talented musician, when confronted with the exhaustion of his creativity, made a deal with the demon to trade his own life for inspiration. Here, demonism refers to the artist's acquisition of creativity by means of signing a contract with the demon. This, in fact, is the artist's descent into the depths of the unconsciousness. However, the devil is not only a symbol of the artist's own biological phenomenon, namely a symbol of the demonic. It also alludes to the integration of modern German trend of thought with Fascism in the real world. Through the portrayal of the demonic, Thomas Mann makes insinuations against the disintegration of modern German trend of thought, thereby distinguishing Thomas Mann's 'Doctor Faustus' from Goethe's 'Faust'.