华南沿海近江牡蛎体中硫丹残留特征研究

Residues of Endosulfan in Ostrea Oysters(Crassostrea rivularis)from Near Sea Water of South China

为探讨种植业近年仍在使用的硫丹杀虫剂对沿岸海域的污染状况,以近江牡蛎(Crassostrea rivularis)作指示生物,用气相色谱-微电子捕获检测器测定其软组织中硫丹的含量(按μg·kg-1湿重计),分析硫丹含量的时空分布与组成特征。结果表明,华南沿岸海域牡蛎体中硫丹含量总体呈下降趋势,区域平均值相对高低依次为广东沿岸(2.13μg·kg-1湿重)>海南沿岸(1.23μg·kg-1湿重)>广西沿岸(0.76μg·kg-1湿重),且在23个观测站间存在不同程度的差异。按牡蛎体中硫丹异构体组成初步推测,近几年华南沿岸地区使用硫丹的可能性依次为广东>广西>海南岛。共观测样本115份,在检出硫丹的40份样本中,硫丹残留量在1.03~12.2μg·kg-1湿重程度范围内,其中2份略高于欧盟的限量,16份略超过日本的限量,但远低于澳大利亚、加拿大的限量和世界卫生组织评估的人体安全摄取量。

Endosulfan is an organochlorine insecticide and may finally enter sea water body.During 2008—2012,Ostrea oysters(Crassostrea rivularis)were collected from near sea waters of South China to determine contents of endosulfan in the soft tissues of Ostrea oysters by gas chromatography equipped with quartz capillary column and electric catch detector.The endosulfan contents in oyster samples trended to decrease during five years.Of all 115 samples,forty samples were detected to have endosulfan,ranging from 1.03 μg·kg-1to 12.2 μg·kg-1(wet weight),much lower than the residual limits of Australia and Canada,as well as human intake limit by the World Health Organization.However,endosulfan contents in two samples were higher than the limit of Europe Union and 16 greater than the Japanese limit.There were differences in endosulfan contents among twenty-three sampling sites.The average contents of endosulfan were in order of Guangdong coast(2.13 μg·kg-1 w.w.)> Hainan coast(1.23 μg·kg-1 w.w.)> Guangxi coast(0.76 μg·kg-1 w.w.).The isomer composition of endosulfan in oyster samples showed that its current application occurred the most possibly in Guangdong Province,followed by Guangxi Province and the least in Hainan Province.