几种植物对土壤中阿特拉津的吸收富集特征及去除效率研究

Uptake and Removal Efficiency of Atrazine in Soil by Several Weeds

通过盆栽实验比较研究了7种植物对土壤中阿特拉津的去除效率,阿特拉津在植物体内的富集、转移,以及土壤中阿特拉津去除效率与植物生物量、根系发达程度之间的关系。结果表明:植物能有效促进土壤中阿特拉津的去除,不同植物对土壤中阿特拉津的去除能力存在差异,其中去除效率最高的是皇竹草,比对照提高了40.37%,7种植物的去除率大小依次为皇竹草>斑茅>黑麦草>高羊茅>龙葵>牛筋草>香附子;不同植物的生物量、根冠比与植物对阿特拉津的去除率存在明显的正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.838、0.866;7种植物对阿特拉津均有一定的吸收、富集与转运的能力,其中皇竹草的富集系数和转运系数最高,分别为0.54和2.81,其次为斑茅和高羊茅。可见,皇竹草、斑茅和高羊茅对土壤阿特拉津污染具有较好的修复潜力。

Atrazine was the most commonly detected herbicide contaminating soil and water. Phytoremediation has been approved to a cost-effective technique. In this study, a pot experiment was carried out to compare the uptake and removal efficiency of atrazine in soil by seven weeds. Enrichment and transfer characteristics of atrazine in plants as well as relationships between the removal efficiency of atrazine and plant biomass, root growth were also investigated. Growing plants profoundly improved the removal efficiency of atrazine from soil. Compared with the control, the highest removal efficiency of atrazine was found in Pennisetum hydridumn with the removal efficiency being increased by 40.37%. The removal efficiency of atrazine was in order of P. hydridum﹥Saccharum arundinaceum﹥Lolium perenne L.﹥Festuca elata﹥Solanum nigrum L.﹥Gramineae﹥C. rotundus, and was significantly positively correlated with plant biomass(r=0.838)and ratio of root to shoot biomass(r=0.866). Seven weed plants did show absorption, enrichment and transfer of atrazine to some extents. The enrichment co-efficient and transfer coefficient of P. hydridum was the highest, which were 0.54 and 2.81, respectively, followed by those of S. arundi-naceum and F. elata. In sum, P. hydridum, S. arundinaceum and F. elata could be recommended for restoring atrazine contaminated soils.