近代中国社会对西方自由主义人权观的撷取与批判

The Capture and Criticism of Western Liberal View of Human Rights in the Chinese Modem Society

19世纪末,西方自由主义人权观被引入国内,其对近代中国社会产生着广泛而深远的影响。在此之后,基于中国传统文化的个人主义人权观逐渐形成,其建立在普遍主义与和平等观念的基础上,而随后又出现有社会化转向。不仅如此,人权内容在近代中国社会中不断丰富和完善,主要体现为从积极权利扩展到消极权利,以及经济社会权利的兴起和发展。不仅如此,人权作为救亡图强的实用主义工具还对当时的社会变革发挥过重要作用。总体而言,对人权在近代中国社会中的发展历程梳理,其有助于审慎反思西方自由主义对中国人权发展道路产生的现实影响,从而以科学合理的方式迈向人权发展的未来之路。

At the end of nineteenth Century ,the western liberal view of human rights was introduced into China,and had a broad and far-reaching impact on Chinese modem society.After this, the individualistic view of human rights based on the Chinese traditional culture gradually formed. Its formation depends on universalism and equality concept, and subsequently showed socialized trend. More than this, its content constantly enriched and improved in the Chinese modem society, which made the right typeextend from positive rights to negative rights and prompted economic and social rights to rise and develop. In addition, human rights as the pragmatic tools for saving the nation have played an important role in the social reform at that time. In general, combing the history development of human rights in Chinese modem society is conducive tojudiciously reflection the realistic influence of western liberalism on the Chinese human rights development path, and then urges people towards the future path of human rights development in a scientific and reasonable way.