ICSID仲裁中投资定义的扩张及其反思——兼论中国双重身份的应对

The Expansion of the Definition of Investment in ICSID Arbitration and Its Introspection——Also on the Response of Double Status of China

几乎所有的国际投资协定都对投资进行了界定。在国际投资自由化的大背景下,无论是法律文本中的投资定义,还是ICSID仲裁实践中的投资定义,都呈现出扩张趋势。这一扩张反映了给予投资者充分保护的价值取向,但也会招致投资者滥诉。因此,有必要对ICSID仲裁庭对投资定义进行扩张解释这一现象进行合理限制,实现私人投资者与投资东道国间的共赢。我国目前已兼具资本输出国和输入国双重身份,在投资定义扩张已成为主流的趋势下,我国在投资定义文本的应对上应扩大投资的类型,但要进行合理限制;在投资仲裁实践的应对方面,我国要积极利用ICSID仲裁机制,并善用仲裁的替代性机制。

Almost all investment agreements give a definition of investment. Under the background of liberalization of international investment,the definition of investment shows a tendency of expansion both in agreements and in ICSID arbitration practice. The expansion of investment definition shows the value orientation of protecting personal property rights. However, it also increases the risk of abusing their rights of litigationby the investors. Therefore,it is necessary to confine the expansion of the definition of investment rationally, so as to make a win-win between investors and the host country. China being a country with double status of capital exporting and importing: with the mainstream tendency of the expansion of the definition of investment, in order to respond the investment treaty, China should enlarge the categories of investment, but we should make reasonable limitations;for the sake of the practice of investment arbitration, China should utilize ICSID arbitration mechanism positively and make use of the alternative mechanism of arbitration effectively.