无轴承开关磁阻电机拓扑及解耦机理分析

Topology and Decoupling Principle Analysis on Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motors

无轴承开关磁阻电机(Bearingless switched reluctance motor,BSRM)是一个多变量、非线性且强耦合的复杂系统。为提高悬浮精度和发挥电机性能,需提升悬浮电流的跟踪及斩波控制水平,以及实现转矩与悬浮力的解耦控制,发展结构上具有自解耦功能的新型BSRM拓扑是解决该问题的有效手段之一。根据现有BSRM转矩与悬浮力的解耦机理和构造特点,对结构上可解耦的BSRM拓扑进行了归纳与分类,并对每种电机的结构、运行机理及优缺点进行了解析。有别于现有电机结构,分别提出了双凸定子齿BSRM、宽转子齿BSRM、复合结构BSRM、锥形结构BSRM等4类具有自解耦特性的新型拓扑,并衍生出了每类结构下的不同实现形式,从而进一步拓展无轴承电机的悬浮理论与应用范围。结合每类结构自身特点,构建与之相适应的运行模式,以实现旋转和悬浮功能的解耦,从而强化其解耦应用特色。简要分析每种电机转矩和悬浮力在结构上自解耦的机理,并利用有限元仿真验证其可行性。

The bearingless switched reluctance motor(BSRM)is a complex system with some characteristics such as multi-controlling parameters,nonlinearity and high coupling.In order to improve its performance of suspension and motion,there are two difficulties:the decoupled control of torque and suspending force,and the accurate chopping control of its levitated currents in the high-speed operation.Based on the principles of the decoupled control,the paper classifies the existing BSRMs meeting decoupled control of torque and suspending force.And then the principles and characteristics of these existing BSRMs are expounded.Being different from these existing BSRMs,the paper presents four types of novel BSRMs,such as the double-salient-stator BSRM,the wider-rotor-pole BSRM,the hybrid-structureBSRM and the conical-structure BSRM,which can realize decoupling control of torque and suspending force.And there are some new topologies that may be developed from each type of these structures.In order to meet their self-coupling characteristics,the working modes for these BSRMs are created,then their decoupling principles are analyzed briefly.Finally,the FEA simulation results verify the validity of these BSRMs.