民用无人机的监管与规范探讨

Supervision and Norm Discussion on Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

民用无人机(Unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV)市场广阔,但由于监管缺失导致威胁公共安全的事件频发。本文针对无人机监管难的问题,对民用无人机监管进行了研究。从无人机的生命周期入手,提出了应对无人机实施全生命周期监管的理念。从监管机构职能划分、监管措施制定与完善、法律法规制定与持续更新这三个方面对无人机全生命周期监管进行了详细的论述,建议通过理清任务、明确职责、设置目标、规范流程、制定措施、形成法律法规的方式,来构建无人机监管体系。重点论述了无人机监管措施的制定与完善,提出了由政府制定框架和规范、依靠民间力量来执行和完善的监管建议。

Civil unmanned aerial vehicles( UAVs) have a vast market. However,due to the lack of supervision,incidents which threaten public safety frequently take place. We takle the problem of UAV supervision,and study the life cycle of UAV and present the idea of full-life-cycle supervision on UAV. Then,we discuss fulllife-cycle supervision on UAV through three aspects,including function division of supervision institution,regulations establishing and perfecting,as well as laws enacting and updating continuously. Meanwhile,we offer a way of establishing supervision system on UAV through task clarifying,responsibility defining,goal setting,flow regulating,measures making and law forming. We emphasize on regulations establishing and perfecting,and put forward the suggestion of streamline administration and institute decentralization on UAV supervision.