积温对冬小麦茎、叶及生物学产量形成的影响

EFFECT OF ACCUMULATED TEMPERATURE ON FORMATION OF STALKS, LEAVES AND BIOMASS OF WINTER WHEAT

本文根据江苏省三麦气象研究协作组九个试验点1982—1983、1983—1984两个年度的田间试验资料,在建立叶龄和有效积温模式的基础上得出冬小麦济南13号和扬麦4号每生长一片叶片需有效积温85.5℃和81.8℃。分析了小麦单株不同蘖序的出生和出苗后积温的关系为三次抛物线;对不同地区的小麦茎蘖消长与积温之间的关系建立了每亩总茎蘖数积温模式;探讨了不同蘖序的分蘖对产量的贡献及不同时期的分蘖成穗特征。讨论了积温对叶、茎和生物学产量的影响。

Based on the observations made in 9 experimental plots in Jiangsu Province during the seasons 1982-1983 and 1983-1984,effective accumulated temperature (EAT) models are established for leaf rank of winter wheat. The models show that 85.5℃ and 81.8℃ of EAT are Ineeded for a single leaf to form respectively for winter wheat species 'Jinan 13' and 'Yangmai 4'. The relationship between tiller rank and correspondent EAT after emergence of seedling is found to be cubic-parabolic; models giving total number of stalks and tillers per unit area are developed with respect to EAT.Contribution to the yield by various tillers in the tiller rank is analysed and the effect of EAT on the formation of stalks, leaves and biomass is finally discussed.