论民主政治的时间约束问题

The Time Constraint Issue of Democracy

在工业社会得以建构的时代,时间尚未成为显著的影响因素,所以,人们是在某种静止的世界观念之下去开展社会建构的。20世纪后期以来,随着社会运行和社会变化的加速化,也因为社会呈现出了高度复杂性和高度不确定性,时间对社会生活的影响越来越大,以至于我们必须对时间约束问题给予充分的重视。民主政治是工业社会最伟大的发明,但在这一政治模式建构时,人们基本上没有考虑到时间对它的约束问题。现在,这种约束不仅让人们意识到了,而且其带来的冲击也许是致命的。应当说,在民主政治模式的运行和进一步的完善中,时间因素已经在某种程度上被引入了进来。尽管如此,面对20世纪后期以来的社会运行和社会变化加速化,在时间的约束性迅速增强的条件下,我们还是需要对民主政治的时间约束问题进行研究,并通过这种思考去寻求走出时间困境的社会治理重建之路。

Time has not being a significant factor,when industrial society had been constructed;therefore,people constructed the society under a certain static world view.Since the late 20 th century,with the acceleration of social operation and change,or high-complexity and high-uncertainty characteristic of society,we must pay sufficient attention to the time constraint issue for its growing influence on social life.Democracy is the greatest invention of industrial society,nonetheless,people barely considered the constraint issue of time for it when the model was constructed.Now,the constraint is not only making people aware of it,but also brings shock which may be fatal.The constructing process of democracy model,should be said,time factor has been introduced to some extent.Confronting with,nevertheless,the acceleration of social operation and change,and ever-increasing constraint of time condition since the late 20 th century,we need to study the time constraint issue of democracy,in addition to look for a way of social governance reconstruction out of time dilemma through this thought.