扶贫小额贷款模式与贫困户贷款可得性:理论分析与实证检验

Microfinance Mode and the Availability of Microfinance for Poor Households:Theoretical Analysis and Empirical Test

贫困户贷款可得性可从贷款需求和金融机构贷款供给两个维度进行考量。本文利用实地调研资料,从理论和实证两方面分析"贫富捆绑"和"银保互动"两种模式对贫困户贷款可得性的影响。研究结果表明,"贫富捆绑"对贫困户需求的促进作用更大,两种模式都不能显著提高贫困户贷款供给。精准扶贫在实施过程中应该注重提高贫困户有效贷款需求,合理设计针对性强、契合度高的"亲贫式"贷款产品,积极拓展更多抵押担保替代机制,实行低利率政策,破解贫困地区的"信息贫困"问题,拓展贫困户对外融资需求,并继续探索能够防范金融机构资金风险的风险防范体系,提高贫困户贷款可得性。

The availability of microfinance can be measured from demand and supply.The impact of 'Co-guarantee Team Composed of Rich and Poor' and ' Interlinked Credit and Insurance' on poors’ availability is examined from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.It’s found that the former plays a greater role in promoting demand,neither can significantly improve the supply.We should improve poors’ demand by designing targeted microfinance products,expanding more mortgage,implementing low interest rate policies,solving information poverty and exploring a system that can prevent financial institutions from capital risks.