精准扶贫背景下中国农村倾斜性金融支持的法经济学分析

Law and Economics Analysis of Rural FAF in China:Based on the Targeted Poverty Alleviation

精准扶贫是我党扶贫工作的元理论创新。在大数据时代,如何实现对农村倾斜性金融支持的精准性,是破解农村金融瓶颈的关键。基于法经济学的视野,农村倾斜性金融支持的精准实现有三个关键节点:一是'定调'——关于农村倾斜性金融支持之'度'的权衡,宜多采用轻度的权利义务配置方式,慎用重度的权利义务配置手段;二是'定人'——要明确农村倾斜性金融支持的目标对象,即搞清楚谁才是需要被倾斜性金融予以支持的,这就要对受益主体进一步细分以各得其所;三是'纠偏'——如何应对倾斜性金融支持可能带来的负面影响问题,这本质上是一种纠错机制,重点在于矫正非演进型制度变迁中可能产生的诸种弊端以防对新制度的瓦解。

Targeted poverty alleviation is a meta-theoretical innovation of the Communist Party’s measures to help people lift themselves out of poverty.Based on the perspective of law and economics,there are three key points to achieve such accuracy:First is to'set the tone'.In the process of measuring the'degree'of the favorable allocation of finance(FAF)for rural areas,it is more advisable to adopt a modest method instead of a strict one to allocate rights and obligations.That’s mainly because the strict measure needs to be raised with full deliberation.Second is to'set people'.We need to clarify the subject of the rural FAF,which means beneficiaries should be further subdivided to figure out who is really in need of the financial support.Third is the'rectification'.Dealing with the possible negative influence of the FAF shows an error correction mechanism.The fundamental purpose of this mechanism is to prevent new policies from collapsing by rectifying various kinds of disadvantages that may occur along with the non-evolutionary institutional change.