玉米苞叶和叶鞘力学性能及对揉碎性能的影响

Mechanical Properties of Corn Leaf and Corn Leaf Sheath Effect on Crushing Performance

揉碎机的揉碎性能受物料本身力学特性的影响,尤其玉米秸秆的苞叶和叶鞘质量轻、韧性大,导致其破碎率较低,使得揉碎机的作业性能降低。因而,有必要针对玉米秸秆的叶鞘和苞叶进行力学特性分析,研究其对揉碎性能的影响。为此,将苞叶和叶鞘按照横截面积分别分成4组制成试验试样,应用ZD/WDW-20A型微机控制电子万能试验机对玉米苞叶和玉米叶鞘进行拉伸试验,得到了苞叶和叶鞘的拉伸力学特性。同时,研究玉米苞叶和玉米叶鞘的含量对于揉碎试验的影响,分别将玉米苞叶叶鞘的含量定位0、25%、50%、75%和100%。试验表明:玉米苞叶和叶鞘的含量增加,可使揉碎机破节率提高、丝化率提高、过揉碎率提高;吨料电耗先降低再升高,呈现出最低点。本研究完善了秸秆力学特性测试范围,可为秸秆的揉碎机理理论研究和揉碎机优化提供参考。

The mashing performance of the masher is affected by the mechanical properties of the material itself. In particular,the stalks and sheaths of corn stalks are light in weight and high in toughness,resulting in a low rate of breakage,which reduces the performance of the masher. Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the mechanical properties of corn stalks and leaf stalks and study their effects on mashing performance. In this paper,the temporal and leaf sheaths were divided into four groups according to the cross-sectional area to make test samples. The ZD/WDW-20 A microcomputercontrolled electronic universal testing machine was used to tensile test the corn leaf and corn sheath,and the leaves and Tensile mechanical properties of the sheath. To study the effects of corn leaf stalk and corn leaf sheath on the mashing test,the content of corn stalk leaf sheath was 0,25%,50%,75% and 100%,respectively. The experiment proved that the content of corn glutinous rice leaf and leaf sheath increased,the breaking rate of the mincer increased,the silking rate increased,and the over-crush rate increased. The electricity consumption of the ton material decreased first and then increased,showing the lowest point. This study perfected the test range of straw mechanical properties,which could provide a basis for the theoretical study of straw mashing mechanism and the optimization of masher.