基于PLC的玉米精量播种控制系统设计

Design of Corn Precision Seeding Control System Based on PLC

为提高玉米播种时的排种精度,设计制造一种基于PLC的玉米精量播种装置,代替传统的机械式地轮驱动播种。利用旋转编码器作为播种机的速度检测机构,将检测信号以脉冲形式传送到PLC, PLC处理后将信号输出到步进电机,实现排种器精准排种。采取步进电机驱动排种器的方式,避免了地轮驱动引起打滑造成的重播现象,同时设计了防滑编码器测速驱动轮,提高了测速精度和工作性能。试验结果表明:播种精度在95%以上,重播率最大值为2.5%,漏播率最大值为4.4%,满足现代播种农艺要求,提高了工作效率。

In order to improve the automation level and seeding precision of corn planting,a corn precision seeding device,which is based on PLC,is designed and manufactured to replace the traditional mechanical ground wheel drive seeding method.The rotary encoder is used as the speed detecting mechanism of the seeding machine,and the detection signal is transmitted to the PLC in a pulse form,the pulse signal is converted by the PLC,and the converted signal is transmitted to the stepper motor to realize the fine seeding of the seed metering device.The device adopts a stepper motor to drive the seed metering device,which avoids the replay caused by the slippage caused by the ground wheel drive.At the same time,the anti-skid rotary encoder speed measuring driving wheel is designed,which improves the speed measurement accuracy and the working performance.The trial results show that the precision seeding system based on PLC improves the sowing precision.From the trial data,the sowing precision is over 95%,the maximum replay rate is 2.5%,and the maximum miss rate is 4.4%.The system meets modern agronomic requirements and reduces labor demand.