管道自动顺序喷雾架设计及喷雾有效性试验

Design and Experiment of Automatic Sequential Pipeline Spray Frame and Spraying Validity

管道自动顺序喷雾可解决果园种植管理中病虫害防治作业劳动强度大、效率低及人工喷药中的安全问题。为此,设计了管道自动顺序喷雾架的主体支撑部分及喷头支撑与定位部分,并以满足喷头雾滴范围既能覆盖果树树冠且不能喷在树冠外边为原则,对喷头的布置方式进行了定量的设计及计算。以管道自动顺序恒压喷雾系统为试验平台,在梅州柚子园进行了雾滴穿透性及有效性的田间试验。试验结果表明:树冠的前冠面、中膛、后冠面都有雾滴附着,喷雾有效率分别为88.9%、100%、83.3%;雾滴沉积量分别为0.032、0.033、0.029mL。通过试验,测试了果园管道自动顺序喷雾系统的性能及喷雾效果,为果树病虫害防治减量施药提供了新方法,为管道自动顺序喷雾架的优化和喷头布置的优化提供了参考。

Automatic sequential spray of pipelines can solve the problem of high labor intensity,low efficiency and safety in artificial spraying of pest control operations in orchard planting management.This study designed the main support part of the pipeline automatic spray frame,the nozzle support and positioning part.In order to meet the principle that the nozzle droplet range can cover the canopy of the fruit tree and can not be sprayed outside the crown,the quantitative design and calculation of the arrangement of the nozzle are carried out.This paper uses the pipeline automatic sequential constant pressure spray system as the test platform.Field experiments on spraying penetration and validity of droplets were conducted in Meizhou grapefruit orchard.The results show that:Fog droplets were attached to the front,middle and rear crowns of the crown,and the spray efficiency was 88.9%,100%and 83.3%,respectively,and the droplet deposition was 0.032,0.033,and 0.029 mL,respectively.Through experiments,the performance and spray effect of the orchard pipeline automatic sequential spray system were tested,which provided a new method for the reduction and control of fruit tree pest control.It provided a reference for the optimization of automatic sequence spray frame and the optimization of nozzle layout.