便携对辊式红花采收机的研制与试验

Development and Test of a Portable Roller-type Safflower Harvester

为解决红花花丝采收不及时、采摘效率低及雇工难等问题,提高红花花丝的采收效率,降低劳动成本,设计了一种便携对辊式红花采收机。该机主要由采摘头、风机、汽油机等组成,工作原理是利用高速旋转的双辊挤压吸附花丝,并利用风机产生的气流进行花丝的输送与收集。为此,对花丝经辊子挤压、拉拔采摘过程中的力学特性进行了分析,对风机的特性参数进行了计算,并对采摘腔室内的气流场进行了仿真。田间样机试验结果表明:该机能较好地完成红花花丝的采摘与输送、收集工作,花丝的平均采净率为90.22%,掉落率为2.26%,含杂率为0.05%。该机型对于降低劳动强度,促进当地经济增长具有较好的实际作用。

To solve the problems of unsatisfactory harvesting of safflower,low picking efficiency and difficulty in hiring workers,etc.,to improve the harvesting efficiency of safflower and lower labor costs.A portable roller-type safflower harvester was designed,mainly consisting of picking heads,fans,and gasoline engines.The working principle is to use high-speed rotating double-roller extrusion to absorb filaments and use the airflow generated by the fan to carry out filaments to delivery and collection.And the mechanical properties of the filaments during the process of roller extrusion and picking were analyzed.The characteristic parameters of the fan were calculated and the airflow field inside the picking chamber was simulated.Field experiment results showed that the model could well complete the harvesting,transportation and collection of safflower filaments.The average extraction rate of filaments was 90.22%,the drop rate was 2.26%,and the impurity rate was 0.05%.This machine has a good practical role in reducing labor intensity and promoting local economic growth.