基于不完全齿轮传动的新型高枝水果采摘器

Design of Picking Device for Fruits in the High Branches Based on Incomplete Gear Transmission

为了适应高枝水果的采摘需求,克服人工采摘劳动强度大、效率低、采摘成本高,且采摘过程人身安全存在隐患等弊端,研制了一种高枝水果采摘器,主要包括切割装置、复位装置、基板、框架、网兜、伸缩杆、手柄和切割驱动装置。采摘方法为:①手柄远程控制切割装置(刀头机构)复位;②刀头定位于切割果柄作业区,果柄触碰切割装置的触发杆;③触发杆带动切割装置切割果柄;④水果引流至地面。采用杠杆传动、弹簧复位、齿轮传动、不完全齿轮等机构,通过触发杆使弹簧回缩蓄能,产生剪切力,实现果柄的自动触发切割与无损采摘,达到采摘省力的目的;巧妙利用不完全齿轮的啮合与非啮合状态,实现切割机构的远端复位。采摘过程简单、省力、高效,且可连续作业,成本低廉,适用于苹果、梨、桃、桔子等近球形类高枝水果采摘,可为众多的小果农提供实用的采摘作业方案。

In order to meet the needs of picking the fruits in high branches,overcome the disadvantages such as high labor intensity,low efficiency,high cost,and potential risks of personal safety during the traditional manual picking process,a new and practical fruit picking device was developed.It is mainly composed of cutter device,reset device,plate,frame,collect net,telescopic rod,operating handle and cutting driving device.The picking method is that:(1)the handle remotely controls the cutting device(i.e.cutter head mechanism)reset;(2)the cutter head is positioned in the operating area for cutting the peduncle,and the peduncle touches the trigger bar of the cutting device;(3)the trigger bar drives the cutting device to cut the fruit peduncle;(4)the fruit is diverted to the ground.It has adopted the mechanism of lever drive,spring reset,gear drive,incomplete gear and so on,and the spring to retract,store energy and generate shear force through the trigger bar,so as to realize automatic cutting and non-destructive picking of the fruit and achieve the purpose of labor-saving picking.At the same time,it also ingeniously utilizes the meshing and non-meshing state of the incomplete gear to realize the remote reset of the cutting mechanism.Since the picking process is simple,labor-saving,efficient,and continuous operation with low cost,and this device is suitable for the picking of the near-spherical fruits in the high branches such as apples,pears,peaches,oranges,etc.,it can provide a practical scheme for many small-scale farmers.Therefore,it has a broad application prospects.