鲜葡萄脱粒机的设计与试验研究

Design and Experiment Research of a Fresh Grape Threshing Machine

依据鲜葡萄在制干作业中对脱粒环节的需求,研制了一种鲜葡萄脱粒机。作业时,机组能够完成葡萄脱粒、脱下葡萄粒的运输与收集、剩余茎秆的收集等工作。脱粒装置选取脱粒带出口并行间距、脱粒带速度、悬挂带速度3个因素为考察因素,针对未脱净率及破损率进行试验,采用正交试验法确定试验参数较优组合。样机试验表明:影响未脱净率的主次因素依次为脱粒带出口并行间距、脱粒带速度、悬挂带速度;在脱粒带出口并行间距为35mm、脱粒带速度为160m/min、悬挂带速度为8.5m/min时,无核白葡萄的脱净率达到96%以上,破碎率小于0.2%。该机具设计合理,对葡萄的损伤小、脱净率及工作效率高,试验结果满足设计要求,具有一定的推广价值。

Owing to the demand of fresh grape in threshing process during the process of making raisins,a fresh grape thresher has been developed.During the operation,The unit is capable of carrying out the operation of grape threshing,transportation and collection of threshed grapes,and collection of residual stems.The threshing unit selects the parallel spacing of the threshing belt outlet,the speed of threshing belt and the speed of suspension belt as the factors to be investigated.The grape rate of un-threshing and breakage are tested.The orthogonal experiment method is used to determine the optimum experimental parameters combinations.After the threshing test of the sample machine,it is shown that the major and minor factors affecting the un-freshing rate are the parallel spacing of the threshing strip outlet,the threshing belt speed,and the suspension belt speed.The optimum combination is that the threshing belt outlet has a parallel spacing of 35 mm,the threshing belt speed is 160 m/min,and the suspension belt speed is 8.5 m/min,the denuclear white grape has a removal rate of over 96%and a breaking rate of less than 0.2%.The test shows that the design of the machine is reasonable,the damage to the grape is small,the removal rate is high,and the work efficiency is greatly improved.The test results meet the design requirements and have some popularization value to the market.