基于PLC的果园水肥一体化控制系统设计

Design of Orchard Water and Fertilizer Integration Control System Based on PLC

为保证果园作物的养分需求,使水肥混合溶液更地好满足果树生长需要,设计了一个基于PLC的果园水肥一体化控制系统。系统以西门子S7-200 SMART PLC为核心,包括灌溉水过滤子系统、混肥子系统及施肥和反冲洗子系统,通过魂魄支持Modbus通讯协议的压力传感器、液位传感器、pH值传感器、EC值传感器和土壤湿度传感器来检测系统运行参数和土壤湿度。使用西门子SMART 1000 IE V3触摸屏完成了人机交互界面设计,包括开机界面、手动控制界面、自动控制界面、历史数据界面和动态监控界面,用户可以直观查询设备的运行参数、便捷制定灌溉施肥方案。试验结果表明:系统实现了水肥溶液的精准调节,在20s内可以将水肥溶液的pH值保持在7.0,在20min内将溶液EC值保持在1 500μS/cm,从而完成混肥过程,提高了水肥利用效率,保证了设备的高效、稳定运行,在我国果园种植中具有广阔的应用前景。

In order to ensure the nutrient requirement of orchard crops and make the water and fertilizer mixture solution better meet the growth needs of fruit trees,an orchard water and fertilizer integration control system based on PLC was designed.The system takes Siemens S7-200 SMART PLC as the core,including irrigation water filtration subsystem,fertilizer mixing subsystem and fertilization and backwash subsystem,and through Modbus communication protocol,pressure sensor,liquid level sensor,pH sensor,EC value sensor and soil moisture sensor are used to detect the operating parametersand soil moisture of the system;uses Siemens SMART 1000 IE V3 touch screen to complete the human-computer interface design,including boot interface,manual control interface,automatic control interface,historical data interface and dynamic monitoring interface,users can directly query the operation parameters of the equipment and make the irrigation and fertilization plan conveniently.The experimental results show that the system realizes the precise adjustment of water and fertilizer solution.The pH value of water and fertilizer solution can be maintained at 7.0 in 20 seconds and the EC value of solution can be maintained at 1 500μs/cm in 20 minutes,thus completing the process of mixed fertilizer,improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency,ensure the efficient and stable operation of equipment,and has broad application prospects in orchard planting in China.