海南岛邦塘湾海岸侵蚀机理分析与对策探讨

INQUIRING INTO THE COASTAL EROSION MECHANISM AND COUNTERMEASURES FOR BANGTANG BAY IN HAINAN

对位于海南岛东北部文昌县境内的邦塘湾海岸侵蚀机理进行分析与防护对策的探讨 .自 2 0世纪 5 0年代以来 ,海岸侵蚀不断加剧 ,大约 4km的岸段遭到了不同程度的侵蚀 .这可能与珊瑚礁被破坏后 ,海岸失去保护 ,强风浪与单向泥沙流直接作用于海岸有关 .海岸不断后退的同时逐步发育为对数螺线形海湾 ,根据Silvester等人的对数螺线形海湾的平衡判别模式 ,邦塘湾现在还处于不稳定状态 ,岸线还需要后退若干米才能稳定下来 .而海平面上升又导致了海岸后退量的增加 .可以通过修筑护岸堤、建造人工岬角、重建珊瑚礁海岸屏障以及开发水产养殖等措施来防护海岸 .

The Bangtang Bay, located in the Wenchang country, the northeastern part of Hainan Island, has been increasingly eroding since the 50s of 20 century. About four kilometers of the beach has retreated in different levels. The retreating is probably related to the direct effect of strong wave attack and the large amount of drift sand after the damage of the coral reefs. The Bangtang Bay then has gradually developed a log-spiral shaped bay with the growing retreating of the beach. According to the equilibrium mode of log-spiral bays derived by Silvester and others, the authors consider that the Bangtang Bay and its sandy arc have been in an unstable state and the coastline would be retreated several meters until it approaches to a relatively stable state or a relative equilibrium. The retreating value is also related to the rising sea level to some extent. The coastal protection from erosion is available by building seawalls, constructing artificial headlands, growing coral reef and developing the seafood nurture.