化纤生产企业消防应急处置能力评估方法研究

Research on Evaluation Method of Emergency Disposal Capability of Fire Protection System in Chemical Fiber Enterprises

化纤企业火灾爆炸事故具有灭火救援处置难度大、灭火时间长、消防力量及装备物资的需求量大、固定消防系统及设施使用率低的特点,往往引发事故连锁效应,造成惨重的人员伤亡和财产损失.针对化纤企业普遍缺乏长效、动态、全面的消防应急处置评估机制的现状,基于典型事故案例消防应急处置特点的归纳总结,提出了消防系统完整性、可靠性和有效性概念,并对这3个评估指标进行量化分析,构建了消防系统应急处置能力评估方法,实现了企业消防应急处置能力级别化.将评估方法应用到某化纤企业罐区消防系统应急处置能力评估中,验证了模型的实用性和可操作性,并为企业进行火灾风险管理和应急处置提供了重要的决策依据,提升企业的安全风险防范能力.

The fire and explosion accidents of chemical fiber enterprises have trouble in fire-fighting and rescuing, along with long fire-fighting time, large demand for fire-fighting power and equipment, and low utilization rate of fixed fire-fighting systems and facilities, which often lead to accidental chain effects and cause heavy casualties so as to property damage. From the perspective of the current lack of longterm, dynamic and comprehensive fire emergency response assessment mechanism for chemical fiber enterprises, the concept of fire system integrity, reliability and effectiveness which is based on the summary of typical emergency case fire emergency response features was proposed. The three evaluation indicators were quantitatively analyzed, and the fire system emergency response capability assessment method was constructed to realize the level of enterprise fire emergency response capability. The evaluation method was applied to the emergency response capability of the fire protection system in a chemical fiber tank farm, the practicability and operability of the model was verified, and an important decision-making basis for the enterprise to conduct fire risk management and emergency response was provided, and the enterprise’s security can be upgraded.