西方蜜蜂产浆量的动态遗传研究

Genetic Analysis for Developmental Behavior of Honeybee Colony's Royal Jelly Production Traits in Western Honeybees

应用条件和非条件遗传效应分析方法对 3个西方蜜蜂 (ApismelliferaL .)品种的蜂群产浆量、台浆量和台基接受率进行了发育遗传研究。结果表明 :蜂群产浆量、台浆量在各个时期均存在显著或极显著的基因型方差 ,台基接受率在大部分时期存在显著或极显著的基因型方差 ,说明这 3个性状主要由遗传因素决定。条件遗传分析发现 ,在某些无法检测到非条件方差的时期存在显著水平的条件方差 ,证明在产浆期的不同阶段 ,3个性状都有基因的新表达。同一性状不同时期的遗传相关分析表明 :蜂群产浆量以及台浆量在各个时期均检测到显著或极显著的基因型相关 ,台基接受率在大多时期存在显著的基因型相关 ,表明控制产浆量和台浆量早期表现的遗传效应总是以相同的方式调节后期的表现 ,而台基接受率则不然。成对性状之间的相关研究表明 :蜂群产浆量和台浆量之间在各个时期存在显著或极显著的遗传相关 ,说明 2性状基因效应之间的协同作用是一致的 ,而蜂群产浆量和台基接受率之间在大多时期存在显著的遗传相关 ,但在一些时期没有相关 。

Analyses of genotypic effects for colony's royal jelly (RJ) yields and RJ in each queen cell as well as acceptances of queen cell cups of three lines of Western honeybees ( Apis melliffera Lingistica ) were conducted by using a genotypic model for analyzing the genetic and non genetic effects.Analytis approaches of conventional and conditional variance and correlation were employed to evaluate the developmental behavior of honeybee colony's RJ producing ability.The results indicated that significant variance due to genotypic effect was detected for colony's RJ yields and RJ in each queen cell cup at all stages,while the acceptance of queen cell cups was found variance significantly at 10 stages of its total 11.It meant that the three traits were dominated by genotypic effect.Significant conditional variances were found at some stages when no unconditional one being detected.Correlation analysis between same trait at different stages indicated that the significant coefficients always existed due to genotypic effects for RJ yields and RJ in each queen cell cup.Although the significant coefficients of the acceptance of queen cell cup at different stages were found at most of the stages,the coefficients were not found in come of the stages.These results indicated that the genotypic effects dominated in early stages of colony's RJ yield and RJ in each queen cell cup influencing its late stages in the same way,but the acceptance of queen cells cup was not.The analysis of correlation between different pair of traits showed that the coefficients between colony's RJ yields and RJ in each queen cell cup were significant at all stages,and while the coefficients between colony's RJ yields and the acceptance of queen cell cups were not always significant at all stages.It was because the genotypic effects dominated the former pair of traits had harmonious effects,while the later pair of traits were not.