试释关于中国“文学”概念史的一个误解

Interpretation on the Misunderstanding of Conceptual History of Chinese“Wenxue”

郭绍虞、兴膳宏等人根据宋人邢昺对《论语》"文学子游、子夏"一句的笺疏:"文学"指"文章博学",认为古典词汇"文学"蕴含着现代汉语"文学"(literature)的意涵,具有分蘖出"文章"(literature)的可能。从概念史的角度看,这是一种误读。历来对《论语》此章的注释,认为"文学"是指学问,或者可具体化为六经的学问,都未将"文学"解为现代意义上的文学。从阐释史的角度看,宋人邢昺其实并没有脱离这个传统,其所谓"文章博学"仍是指"善先王典文"。

According to Xing Bing's comments on 'Wenxue, Zi You, and Zi Xia'in The Analects of Confucius:'Wenxue'refers to ' Wenzhang Boxue', Guo Shaoyu and Xing Shanhong consider that classical 'Wenxue'contains modern Chinese'Wenxue'with the possibility of the tiller of the 'Wenzhang'. In the perspective of conceptual history, this is a misreading. According to the notes of this chapter of The Analects of Confucius that 'Wenxue'refers to learning, or the specific knowledge of the six classics,which does not interpret 'Wenxue'as literature of a modern sense. In the perspective of the interpretation of history, Xing Bing in Song actually does not separate himself from this tradition. The so-called 'Wenzhang Boxue'is still referring to 'being good at classics.'