供需失衡下农户技术需求表达研究

Research on Expression of Farmers' Technology Demands in Perspective of Agricultural Technology Supply-demand Imbalance

基于全国9省804户农户的实地调查数据,运用Logistic-ISM模型分析了影响农户农业技术表达行为的因素,并探讨了各影响因素间的层次结构。研究表明:农户的技术需求表达行为能否实现,主要受务农年限、从众心理、种植规模、农业技术重要性认知、农业技术需求表达容易程度认知以及农业技术需求偏向的影响,还受性别和农业技术需求表达成本认知因素的影响,其中农业技术的重要性认知和农业技术需求表达容易程度认知是表层直接因素,从众心理、种植规模、技术需求表达成本认知以及技术需求偏向是中间层间接因素,务农年限和性别是深层根源因素。据此提出通过加强农户的农业职业教育、发挥新型农业经营主体的带头示范和中介引导作用,构建多元化农业技术推广体系等对策建议来提升农户的技术需求表达的积极性。

Based on the survey data of 804 farmers in nine provinces of China and using the Logistic-ISM model,this paper analyzes the factors affecting the action of farmers' expressing technical requirements and investigates the relationship among the various factors.The results are as follows:farmers' expressive behavior is influenced by farming period,conformist mentality,planting scale,cognition of the importance of technology,the ease of expression,and technology demand preference.It is also affected by gender and the cost of expression.Cognition of the importance of technology and the ease of expression are the direct influencing factors.Gender and farming period are the root influencing factors,while the others are the indirect factors.At last,the paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the expression of farmers' agricultural technology demands,such as strengthening vocational education for farmers,giving full play to the exemplary and guide role of the new agricultural management entities,and constructing diversified extension system of agricultural technology.