生命寓言的辩证与反讽——重读王小波《黄金时代》

Dialectics and Irony of Life Fable——Reread Wang Xiaobo's Golden Age

《黄金时代》体现了王小波小说的"阴阳"交织辩证的叙事美学,是一种生命寓言的叙事。以男/女主体的二元结构观之,它恰似一篇"阳界"包裹"阴界"的复调型小说:在男性主体王二主导的叙述声音中,间杂女性主体陈清扬独立而暗昧的心声,须要仔细聆听、绎;二人互为"他/她者",彼此生命历程及境界的勾连、并行与迥异,构成叙事内部潜在的对话与反讽关系。小说由此演绎生命的一种"阴阳两界",既有关于"自由"与"监禁"的王二故事,也讲述了"屈从"与"绝望"的陈清扬故事。"他/她者"主体自身及主体间的荒谬辩证法,正是文本生命阐释的逻辑与内涵所在。

Golden Age embodies the dialectical aesthetics with Yin and Yang interwoven together of Wang Xiaobo’s novels,which is a kind of allegorical narrative of human life.From the perspective of the dualistic structure of the male/female subject,it is just like a polyphonic novel in which the'ang'encapsulates the'Yin':in the narrative voice dominated by Wang Er,there is mingled with an independent and ambiguous voice of Chen Qingyang,which should be carefully listened to and analyzed;and they are'the other'of each other,the relevance and difference between their realms of life constitute the potential structure of dialogue and irony within the narrative.The novel deduces a kind of'Yin and Yang'of life,including the story about'freedom'and'imprisonment'of Wang Er and the story about'submission'and'despair'of Chen Qingyang.The'the other'subject himself or herself and the absurd dialectics between the subjects are the very logic and connotation of life interpretation of this novel.