内蒙古多伦县典型草原区坡面土壤入渗特性及模拟研究

CHARACTERISTICS AND SIMULATION OF SOIL INFILTRATION OF TYPICAL GRASSLAND IN DUO LUN COUNTY OF INNER MONGOLIA PROVINCE

通过野外调查和土壤入渗实验,分析模拟典型坡面不同植被类型下土壤的入渗过程,对比研究多伦县典型草原区不同植被类型土壤入渗的差异。结果表明:①不同的植被类型,不同坡位、坡向,土壤初渗率和稳渗率的大小均呈现相同的趋势:阳坡草地>坡顶草地>坡中草地>坡底草地>坡中山杏林>阴坡胡枝子林,初渗率和稳渗率的范围分别为3.578mm/min～4.854 mm/min和0.813mm/min～1.072mm/min;②土壤的入渗过程存在显著差异,草地样地土壤入渗率在开始阶段下降较慢,5min后迅速下降,直至达到稳渗率,而林地入渗过程则一直缓慢下降;③基于入渗实测数据的拟合可知霍顿模型的在研究区的拟合效果最好,R2值范围为0.916～0.972。

In order to research the differences of soil infiltration of different vegetation types in typical grassland of Duo Lun county,soil infiltration process was simulated to analysis their characteristics through field investigation and soil infiltration testing.The results indicate that: 1) the initial and stable soil infiltration rate in different vegetation types and slope are in the same order: sunny slope grassland>the top of slope grassland>the midslope grassland>the roof of slope grassland>the midslope prunus armeniaca>the shady slope shrub lespedeza;the range of initial and stable soil infiltration is about3.578 to 4.854 mm/min and 0.813 to 1.072mm/min;2) there is significant difference of Soil infiltration process.the soil infiltration rate of grassland falls down slowly in the early stage and rapidly after 5 minutes,until it reaches the stable infiltration rate,but the rate of infiltration of the forest land is always drop down slowly;3) Based on the measured data of infiltration,the horton fitting model gets the best fitting effect and the value of R2 is in the range of 0.916 to 0.972.