不同的培养条件对向日葵核盘菌次生菌核形成的影响

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT CULTURED CONDITONS ON THE FORMATION OF SCLEROTIA OF SUNFLOWER SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM

向日葵菌核病是由核盘菌引起的向日葵的一种主要病害,由菌丝特化形成的菌核在向日葵菌核病的侵染循环过程中扮演着非常重要的角色。本研究以向日葵上采集的菌核为材料,研究了培养基不同的碳源、不同的p H值、不同培养温度以及不同培养基种类对核盘菌次生菌核形成的影响。结果表明使用乳糖、可溶性淀粉、麦芽糖、鼠李糖、甘露醇作为培养基的碳源有利于核盘菌次生菌核的成熟,其中含有甘露糖的培养基有利于产生数量较多的菌核;培养基的p H介于3~5利于快速形成较多数量的菌核,而且菌核的形成容易导致培养基中PH值不同程度的降低;20℃~25℃培养条件不仅有利于菌核快速形成而且还有利于形成大粒的数量较多的菌核;不同的培养基种类对次生菌核形成的影响结果表明燕麦培养基有利于产生的均匀,大粒的菌核,而查氏培养基上产生的菌核较小,但数量最多。

Sunflower White Mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a kind of disease distributed world widely. Sclerotia formed by hyphae plays a vital role in the disease cycle. Using sunflower sclerotia as material,we studied the effects of different culture conditions on the formation of sclerotia. Our data suggested that medium with different carbon sources has different effects on the formation of sclerotia. Medium contained lactose,soluble starch,maltose,rhamnose or mannose facilitate the formation of sclrotia; the medium with mannose produced more abundant sclerotia compared with medium contained the other carbon sources. The optimum p H value for the formation of sclerotia is between 3 ~ 5; and the formation of sclerotia could low down the p H value in the cultured medium. 20℃ ~ 25℃ is the suitable cultured temperature for the formation of sclerotia. Different cultured mediums have different effects on the formation of sclerotia. Oat medium facilitated the formation of big volume sclerotia,however,the czapeks medium could produced small and abundant sclerotia.