中国的教育发展:成就、挑战与对策

Educational Development in China:Achievements,Challenges and Policy Suggestions

改革开放以来,中国政府在促进教育发展方面做出了积极努力,教育发展取得了显著成就。教育经费投入大幅度增长,各级教育毛入学率不断提高,高等教育规模扩大,人口平均受教育水平显著提高。但不可否认的是,教育发展还面临着诸如生均经费增长缓慢、学前教育普及率低、职业教育质量堪忧等挑战。在当前背景下,应继续增加教育经费投入,将学前教育纳入义务教育,将高中阶段教育纳入义务教育,并大力提高职业教育质量。

The Chinese government has made great efforts to promote the development of education and has made strides in education development since the reform and opening-up.The educational funding,both in total and from the government,has increased significantly.The gross enrollment rate of different educational level has risen steadily.The higher education has expanded and the educational level of the Chinese population has improved rapidly.However,China still faces many challenges.For example,though education expenditure per student has showed an increasing trend,the increases have been modest.The universalization level of preschool education in China is relatively low and the quality of vocational education is pretty low.This study puts forward some policy suggestions to cope with these challenges.