内蒙古赤峰市、兴安盟、阿拉善左旗小学生近视源性调查

Investigation of Myopigenic Environment of Pupils in Inner Mongolia Xing'an League,Chifeng City and Alashan Left Banner

目的:了解内蒙古某些地区1~5年级学生近视现状,探讨近视源性环境成份,有针对性的制定干预对策.方法:整群抽样内蒙古兴安盟、赤峰市和阿拉善左旗1~5年级学生进行.对学生进行问卷调查,应用卡方检验进行近视源性分析.结果:内蒙古2014年1~5年级学生视力不良检出率为25.3%,兴安盟、赤峰市、阿拉善左旗分别为25.1%,31.5%,23.8%,三个地区之间有差异(χ~2=53.923,P<0.001);阿拉善左旗女生近视率高于男生近视率(χ~2=6.155,P<0.05);蒙古族和汉族学生之间近视率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.749,P<0.01);父母亲近视,子女近视的比例远远高于父母亲非近视的子女,差异有统计学意义(χ兴安盟~2=748.162,χ赤峰~2=96.167,χ阿拉善左旗~2=142.505,P<0.01);父母亲学历的高低,与子女的视力不良检出率成正比,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:学校近视与家庭因素存在着一定的关联,父母与子女的视力状况有很高的相关性.学生本身的近视源性活动也存在性别、民族差异.深入地探索近视源性环境影响,研究如何将其转变为近视的保护因素,对今后开展学校近视预防工作有导向作用.

Objective:To acquaint the status of myopia,to investigate myopigenic environment among Grade 1-5students in some Inner Mongolia areas,and to explore the targeted myopia prevention strategies.Methods:Grade1-5 students in Xing'an League,Chifeng City and Alashan Left Banner were selected by cluster sampling method.The students underwent questionnaire survey,and myopigenic environment was analyzed by chi-square test.Results:The prevalence rate of myopia was 25.3% among Grade 1-5 students in Inner Mongolia.The prevalence rate of myopia in Xing'an League,Chifeng City and Alashan Left Banner was 25.1%,31.5%,and 23.8% respectively.There was statistical significance between different areas(χ~2=53.923,P<0.001),and there were statistical difference between different nations and different sexes.The ratio of students' myopia whose parents were myopia was much higher than whose parents not.The same tendency was appeared between parents' education backgrounds.Conclusion:School myopia is connected with family,and is high correlated with their parents.Students' myopigenic environment exist gender and ethnic differences.Deeply exploring myopigenic environment and researching how to turn it into a myopic protection factor,has a guiding role in school myopia prevention work in the future.