单盘浮顶罐内含蜡原油静态储存过程中的传热规律研究

Study on heat transfer in static storage of waxy crude oil in a vault tank

针对单盘式浮顶罐内含蜡原油在静态储存中的冷却胶凝过程,建立了表征该传热过程的数学模型和物理模型,基于有限体积法利用fluent软件对模型进行求解,实现了对原油储罐温降过程的数值模拟。模拟结果表明:单盘浮顶罐内含蜡原油在静态储存过程中,罐顶由于换热最快,换热强度高,温度最先降低,油的密度也随之增大,在重力和自然对流的作用下,冷油沿着储罐慢慢堆积、凝结,导致整个储罐在罐壁与罐底夹角处最先产生凝油,此夹角处也将是未来储罐管理过程中应该最为关注的地方,同时对该过程中原油的温度场、速度场变化进行了详细阐述,并深入分析了原油冷却胶凝的规律和内在机理,明确了单盘式储罐的降温规律。

The cooling gelling process of waxy crude oil in a single tray floating roof tank during static storage is studied.A mathematical model and a physical model for characterizing the heat transfer process are established.Based on the finite volume method,we use fluent software to solve the model.The numerical simulation of the temperature drop process of crude oil storage tank is realized.Simulation results show that:The waxy crude oil in single tray floating roof tank is stored in static state.The top of the tank is the fastest heat transfer,the heat exchange strength is high,the temperature is first reduced,and the density of oil increases.Under the action of gravity and natural convection,the cold oil slowly accumulating and condensing along the storage tank,resulting in condensation oil at the angle between the tank wall and the bottom of the tank.This corner will also be the most important place for future storage tank management.At the same time,the temperature and velocity fields of crude oil are discussed in detail.The rule and inherent mechanism of crude oil cooling cementing are further analyzed.The cooling law of single disk storage tank is clarified.